天美传媒

This piece is a Roman copy of a Greek statue by Myron from about 450 B.C. In the original the head is turned toward the hand which holds the disk (cf. No. 561). The Roman version was found in Hadrian鈥檚 Villa at Tivoli and is now in the British Museum.

This is a full-scale 19th Century plaster cast from a Roman copy of the Greek bronze original by Polykleitos. Diadoumenos is a youth binding his head with a fillet, which was a sign of victory in the games. The curved upper body and poised feet imbue the youth鈥檚 form with vitality and movement. Found at Vaison, France, the original is now in the British Museum.

This is a cast of the Crouching Aphrodite (Venus de Vienne). It is a 19th Century plaster cast of a Roman copy of a statue by Daidalos of Bithynia, of the third century B.C. Aphrodite鈥檚 nude physique and voluptuous figure characterize her as the Greek goddess of love. First at Vienne, France, the original is presently at the Louvre Museum. On the rear of the pedestal is a brass impression with the name of the Louvre casting atelier and the number that identified it in the catalogue used to order plaster casts from the atelier: 834.

According to Greek mythology, Ariadne was a princess of the kingdom of Crete. Ariadne fell in love with Theseus and helped him kill the Minotaur and escape the deadly labyrinth. Theseus was supposed to marry Ariadne and return with her to Athens, however, mid-voyage he abandoned her while she slept on the island of Naxos. The cast is copied from a statue, now housed in the Vatican, which is a Roman copy of a 2nd century B.C.E. piece from the Greek School of Pergamon produced during the Hellenistic period. As with many other Roman marbles inspired by Greek bronzes, there are several versions of the Sleeping Ariadne known. Where this half of the plaster cast once fit into the lower half is visible in the proper right lower portion of the figure. In the early 20th century, this cast was displayed at The Metropolitan Museum next to another version of the Sleeping Ariadne, which is now in the Prado Museum (Madrid, Spain). This demonstrates the period鈥檚 curatorial interest in teaching visitors to examine and analyze the differences between multiple iterations of a model in order to understand the lost Greek original, a practice known in German as Kopienkritik. The entire surface of this cast has been painted white. This cast was purchased in 1892 by The Metropolitan Museum of Art from the Mus茅e du Louvre Casting Atelier.

The original from which this cast was made is a bronze equestrian monument to Erasmo da Narni, known as Gattamelata, which stands in the Piazza del Santo (Padua, Italy). The bronze is by Donatello, dated 1445-1453. The Gattamelata was the earliest Renaissance monument to reintroduce the equestrian statue type from antiquity. In the early 20th century, The Metropolitan Museum of Art displayed a complete reproduction of this monument alongside another famous equestrian, Andrea Verrocchio鈥檚 Colleoni. In addition to the missing the body of the horse as well as its rider, the Gattamelata plaster cast also no longer has the horse鈥檚 reigns, though that the mouth once held a bit is apparent. The cast was purchased by the Metropolitan Museum of Art for their collection in 1892 from the Roman castmaker Michele Gherardi, with the assistance of the art dealer Caroline Vedder.

The original from which this cast was made is a Roman marble of the 2nd century A.D., which was based on a Greek model of the 5th-4th centuries B.C. Today the Roman marble is in the Palazzo Altemps (Rome, Italy).

This capital was part of the interior architecture of an apartment designed by John Barrington Bayley for the Robert Adam-inspired apartment of Evelyn G. Haynes at 580 Park Avenue in New York. This cast was generously given to the 天美传媒 by Amanda Haynes-Dale.

Ionic Capital in plaster with volute scrolls from a 19th century original.

This cast is of a base with lion鈥檚 feet from from the Monument of Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal in the Chapel of San Giocomo in the Church of San Miniato al Monte in Florence.

The cast of the pilaster capital comes from the Church of Westerkerk in Ekhuisen, Holland designed by Jan Terwn Aertsz. This very simple detail is painted to resemble wood.

This fragment was once the top tier of a plaster cast of a candelabrum. From historical photos the base appears to have been ornamented with ram's heads and reliefs of mythological figures. The original from which this plaster cast was made has not yet been identified, but it was likely of marble and made during the Roman period.

This plaster cast is a piece of a decorative band of a larger unknown structure. The deeply carved floral motifs create visual interest through the interplay of light and shadow. The overlapping of the figural forms contributes to the viewer鈥檚 sense of depth as well as transforms what was once originally static, cold, lifeless marble into a dynamic scene of fecundity and growth.聽 The marble fa莽ade of St. Gilles du Gard from which these casts were made dates to the 12th or 13th centuries. The church is an important pilgrimage site on the path to Santiago de Compostela. The fa莽ade sculpture and ornament, in French Romanesque style, combines Roman and early Christian influences. This frieze was above the apostle sculptures below.

Coffer ceiling model in painted and gilded wood made during the restoration of St. George鈥檚 Chapel, Cathedral Church of St. Peter and St. Paul (Sheffield, England) by the architect Donald Buttress in the 1980s to finalize the color scheme.

The Basilica di Santa Maria del Fiore was built over hundreds of years under the vision of multiple architects. The design began in 1296 by Arnolfo di Cambio, and then later continued under Ghiberti, Brunelleschi, and the artists who completed masterpieces for the Basilica鈥檚 interior. By the 15th Century, the structure was still without its dome. The design for the dome (first drawn by Cambio) returned to a classical model, like the Roman Pantheon. The original facade of the cathedral as designed by Cambio, also attributed to Giotto, was only completed in its lower half. Later, in 1587, the facade was dismantled by the Medici court and left bare till around 1864 with a competition won by Emilio de Fabris. The facade took on a Neo-Gothic style 鈥� white, red, and green marble creating an elegant picture. Three tall bronze doors provide entrances at the main portal beneath lunettes and a row of niches with all twelve apostles. The cast is a detail from the second doorway on the north called the Porta della Mondorla in the Basilica di Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence, also known as the Duomo. The Porta della Mondorla was designed by Niccolo d鈥� Arezzo c. 1408. The cast shows a small relief depicting women, children, and wildlife in a floral surrounding.

This plaster cast of a chimney piece capital was used to carve a marble reproduction of the chimney during the restoration of The Great Room, Spencer House, London in 1992. The capital was designed by James 鈥淎thenian鈥� Stuart between 1756-1766 and is based on the Choragic Monument of Lysicrates in Athens, which was erected in 334 B.C. The original marble chimney piece is now at Althrop House, where it was moved during World War II.

This plaster cast of an ornamented bracket is related to several other examples formerly owned by the 19th-century plaster caster Oronzio Lelli who worked in Florence. The original is therefore likely Italian and dated to the 15th or 16th centuries.

This painted plaster cast is of a Center Boss from the Savoy Theatre on The Strand, City of Westminster, London. The original design for the interior of the theatre was by Basil Ionides in 1929. This boss was modeled and cast after a fire in the 1990s so that it could be used during a restoration project.

Fragment of a Corinthian Capital

These plaster casts reproduce the panels depicting the story of Jacob and Esau, one of ten Old Testament scenes depicted on the baptistery doors. The frames around these panels, which are visible in the cast, contain Old Testament figures and vegetal ornament. The original doors from which these plaster casts were made are gilt bronze, executed between 1425-1452, by Lorenzo Ghiberti and a team of other Florentine artists. The design for the doors has long been recognized as an important illustration of Renaissance artistic interests, such as the use of linear perspective and contrapposto, as well as the interpretation of forms from ancient Roman architecture and art. Each panel contains within it multiple episodes of an extended Biblical narrative. Within the Jacob in Esau panel, for instance, are eight different scenes from the story. The architecture, composed in linear perspective, serves a central role within the pictorial space in delineating the distinct settings which allows the complex narrative to unfold clearly. The 天美传媒鈥檚 plaster casts have been painted to recreate the appearance of gilt bronze, a technique where a thin layer of gold is applied to a bronze surface. The plaster cast鈥檚 gilt bronze surface was added during a restoration project in the early 2000s. The 天美传媒 owns 5 panels of the doors, which were once displayed in The Metropolitan Museum of Art as a complete recreation of the doors (see photo).

This cast replicates the Entablature from the Porch of the Maidens of the Erechtheion. The Erechtheion was constructed from 421 to 406 BC on the Acropolis of Athens. As one of the most decorative temples in Greek Architecture, it was built to replace the Temple of Athena, Nike. The name of the temple comes from its dedication to the Greek hero Ericthonius, or perhaps King Erectheus. On major feature of the Erechtheion is the porch of caryatids, often called the 鈥淧orch of the Maidens,鈥� where six female figures are sculpted as supporting columns. The temple has two porches - a porch with caryatids and a porch with ionic columns.

This is a cast squeeze of a chimneypiece of Hesiod.

Plaster cast of the head of the Hesiod term on the chimney piece of the Palm Room, Spencer House (London). Its pair is a cast of the head of Homer. The original marble terms were carved by Peter Scheemakers (1691-1788), a Flemish sculptor working in London. The forms of the heads were inspired by ancient Roman bust in the Capitoline Museum (Rome, Italy). Though this marble chimney piece was designed for Spencer House, it was moved to the other Spencer family estate, Althrop, during World War II. The graphite points and lines on the surface of the plaster cast of Hesiod indicate that it was used to guide the carving of a copy in marble. This copy was installed by Dick Reid and his workshop in the restored Spencer House in the 1990s. A cast of the central panel of the chimney piece is displayed in the 天美传媒 Studio.

Erechtheion corner detail

Source unknown.

This cast is of a decorative relief panel inscribed with date (1572) from the Choir Screen in the Church Westerkerk. The panel shows various forms of flora and cherubs encircling the profile image of a woman within a wreath. It was made by Jan Terwen Aertsz (1511-1589), who carved the Choir Screen at Westerkerk. The cast was made by craftsman F. Stoltzenberg of Roermond, Holland in 1895 and was then purchased by The Metropolitan Museum of Art.

The original pulpit from which these plaster casts were made is by Benedetto da Maiano, completed around 1475. The pulpit is in carved marble with gilding. The pulpit was comprised of five scenes depicting the life of St. Francis of Assisi. The 天美传媒 owns three of the five panels as well as the niche with the figure of Charity. In the reliefs, Maiano crafts his scenes within an architectural environment composed in a refined linear perspective that creates great depth. Though the process by which the plaster casts were made has certainly dulled the impact of Maiano鈥檚 masterful low relief carving, the cast maker Oronzio Lelli finely finished his plaster to emphasize the subtly of the original marble, as is especially apparent in the delicacy of the wings of the ornamental putto below the main relief. The stone-like color of the relief of St. Francis receiving the stigmata is the original surface, which has discolored with time.

This plaster cast was made from a marble bracket that was part of the Monument of Bishop Leonardo Salutati in the Cathedral of Fiesole, Italy. The original was designed by Mino da Fiesole (1429-1484) circa 1466. An entire reproduction of the monument was displayed at the Metropolitan Museum in the early 20th century. The plaster cast was made in 1892 by plaster craftsman Oronzio Lelli for The Metropolitan Museum of Art's collection.

This cast replicates a coffer from the Erechtheion. Coffers, sunken panels usually seen in a series, were used for the decoration of ceilings and vaults. The earliest examples are stone coffers from ancient Greece and Rome. The Erechtheion was constructed from 421 to 406 BC on the Acropolis of Athens. As one of the most decorative temples in Greek Architecture, it was built to replace the Temple of Athena, Nike. The name of the temple comes from its dedication to the Greek hero Ericthonius, or perhaps King Erectheus. On major feature of the Erechtheion is the porch of caryatids, often called the 鈥淧orch of the Maidens,鈥� where six female figures are sculpted as supporting columns. The temple has two porches - a porch with caryatids and a porch with ionic columns.

The original design for the woodwork is by Lewis Wyatt (1813-1817), for St. Mary鈥檚 Parish Church in Cheshire, England. This reproduction was made by molding the original oak screen and then casting expanded polyurethane foam into the mold. The hardened foam was then stained and polished to match the appearance of the original stained oak. Reid鈥檚 workshop often used this method to reproduce long lengths of intricate woodwork quickly and affordably.

This cast replicates a relief of the Madonna and Child with a cherub鈥檚 head. The original was completed by Donatello c. 1450 and placed over the side door of the Siena cathedral. The Cathedral holds works from both Donatello and the young Michelangelo. The tondo relief holds a great sense of sadness, drama, and intimacy 鈥� characteristic of Donatello鈥檚 representations of the sacred subject.

The original carved marble from which this plaster cast was made is attributed to Simone Mosca (1492-1553). The original was made between 1521-1534. When this plaster cast was purchased for The Metropolitan Museum from the 脡cole des Beaux Arts Casting Atelier in 1891 it was catalogued with other works by Michelangelo, who famously designed the New Sacristy of San Lorenzo Church (Florence, Italy). Scholars today believe the candelabrum is by Simone Mosca, who worked with Michelangelo in the New Sacristy in the 1520s and 1530s. The design of the candelabrum is 鈥渁ll鈥檃ntica鈥�, a Renaissance style which adapted. ancient Roman motifs to Renaissance taste.

This plaster cast was made from a pilaster capital ornamented with fleurs-de-lis and a putto wearing a medallion of St. George slaying the dragon, a reference to the Noble Brotherhood of St. George of Rougemont. The Galerie du Bord l'Eau, or the Grande Galerie Orientale, which the pilaster is part of, was built during the reign of Henri VI to connect the Louvre and the Tuilieres palaces. The building was designed by Jacques Androut du Cerceau (1550-1614) between 1607 -1610. The cast was acquired for The Metropolitan Museum of Art's collection from the Parisian maker L. Mathivet.

Ionic capital fragment, source unknown.

This 1892 plaster cast was made from a bronze original, dated to the late 15th century. The original object was a multi-functional decorative item that was both a door knocker and a holder for a standard, or type of flag displaying the family's crest. The plaster version on display here is missing the circular knocker that once hung from the claw-like hand at the bottom. The original object was once attached to the Palazzo del Magnifico, also known as the Palazzo Petrucci, in Siena, Italy. Pandolfo Petrucci, the building's patron, effectively ruled Siena from 1487 to 1512. The palace was designed by the architect Giacomo Cozzarelli (1453-1515) and built by Domenico di Bartolomeo in 1508. The cast was purchased for The Metropolitan Museum of Art's collection from Jean Pouzadouz of the Trocad茅ro Casting Atelier in Paris.

The Erechtheion was constructed from 421 to 406 BC on the Acropolis of Athens. As one of the most decorative temples in Greek Architecture, it was built to replace the Temple of Athena, Nike. The name of the temple comes from its dedication to the Greek hero Ericthonius, or perhaps King Erectheus. On major feature of the Erechtheion is the porch of caryatids, often called the 鈥淧orch of the Maidens,鈥� where six female figures are sculpted as supporting columns. The temple has two porches - a porch with caryatids and a porch with ionic columns. This cast replicates a base from the columns of the Erechtheion.

This plaster cast was made from an architectural fragment in marble discovered at the Temple of Zeus at Olympia. While we often think of plaster casts as mechanical reproductions, on the nose of the lion is an inscription in pencil that reveals the hand of its maker. It reads: "Berlin October 21, 1895." This cast was purchased by The Metropolitan Museum of Art from Formerei der k枚nigliche Museen (Berlin) in 1895.

Plaster cast of the gilt bronze Noah panel of the Gates of Paradise by Lorenzo Ghiberti (1425 鈥� 1452). The bronze panel is currently on display at the Museo dell鈥橭pera del Duomo (Museum of the Works of the Cathedral) in Florence, Italy. According to the Book of Genesis of the Hebrew Torah, God spares Noah and his family from an enormous flood intended to destroy the wicked. In the background of the scene, Noah and his family emerge from the safety of their ark鈥攊n this case one that resembles a pyramid, as described by the early Christian theologian Origen鈥攁nd they embrace under the newly sunny sky. In the foreground, Noah鈥檚 son Ham orders his brothers to clothe a semi-nude Noah, inebriated from having indulged too heavily in celebratory wine.

The alternating egg and shell motif found in this molding was used by John Carr (1723-1807) in many of his houses. Newburgh Priory is a Tudor building in Coxwold, North Yorkshire, England that has undergone multiple renovations, including one between 1750-1760 led by architect John Carr.

Plaster cast of an original marble found in Naxos, Greece. The marble relief is dated to the 1st century A.D. and is now in the British Museum. The cast was made by The British Museum Casting Service and was purchased by The Metropolitan Museum of Art.

The relief panel from the pulpit of St. Croce in Florence depicts St. Francis undergoing an Ordeal by Fire before the Sultan. The original in marble with gilding from which this cast was made is by Benedetto da Maiano. The original relief is one of five in marble which comprised a pulpit in the Santa Croce Church (Florence) illustrating the Life of St. Francis. It was completed c. 1475. The 天美传媒 owns casts of three of the five panels, including the present cast and South Wall no. 18 in this gallery. According to the 1908 catalogue of The Metropolitan Museum of Art鈥檚 cast collection, the pulpit was displayed with all five panels attached, reconstructing the form of the original pulpit. The panel was made by plaster craftsman Oronzio Lelli for The Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Source unknown.

The marble from which this cast was made was carved in the 2nd century A.D. by a Roman sculptor. The marble was based on the lost Greek bronze statue of Hera by Polykleitos, made circa 420 B.C., which was displayed at the Temple of Hera outside of Argos. The version of Hera reproduced in this plaster cast is related to the that known as the 鈥淔arnese鈥� Hera, which was once owned by the Farnese family, who amassed one of the richest Renaissance collections of antiquities. This cast was part of the Metropolitan Museum of Art's collection, catalog number 592. It was likely purchased from Ceasare Malpieri in Rome as the Farnese Juno in 1892.

Top to bottom: Exterior Molding in Pine; Chimney centerpiece Spencer House; Unknown.

This wooden model was used for the casting fiberglass urns with a stone finish to be placed on the roof of the front facade of Sandbeck Park in York. The original urns were in stone and designed by the Palladian architect James Paine (1717-1789).

This wooden model was used to develop a stone memorial for Mary de St. Pol, Countess of Pembroke (1304-1377) in the North Ambulatory of Westminster Abbey. Mary de St. Pol founded Pembroke College, the earliest Cambridge college to survive on its original site with an unbroken constitution from its first foundation. On Christmas Eve 1347 Edward III granted Mary de St. Pol a license fo the founding of Pembroke College. The finished painted stone shield related to this model was installed in the North Ambulatory of Westminster Abbey in 1991 at the wish of Bryan Earle King, Fellow of Pembroke College.

These capitals adorned pilasters carved with wood patterns in the Mantegna Gallery, and were restored during the late 1990s. The Mantegna Gallery was added to the Tudor portion of the palace in 1689-1698 by architect Sir Christopher Wren (1632-1723) and master of works William Talman (1650-1719). The pilasters separated the nine paintings of The Triumphs of Caesar, by Andrea Mantegna. Mantegna, one of the most famous and important artists of the early Italian Renaissance, painted The Triumphs for the Gonzaga family palace in Mantua, probably between 1484 and 1506. Charles I bought the entire collection of the Gonzaga family in 1620 and installed The Triumphs in Hampton Court Palace where they have hung since. The nine paintings depicted the ancient Roman ruler Julius Caesar on a triumphal chariot returning from his successful military campaigns. He is in a procession of Roman soldiers, standard-bearers, musicians and the spoils of war: captured weapons, artworks, gold and silver, prisoners, and exotic animals including elephants. As Ancient Rome was one of the strongest and richest empires in all of history, later rulers, like Charles I, collected Roman sculpture and imagined themselves as Roman emperors.

This plaster cast of the ceiling, the original of which designed by Robert Adam (1728-1792) between 1770-1771, was used during the restoration of 8 Queen Street Edinburgh, Scotland. The restoration was done by Simpson and Brown Architects with advice from Ian Gow in 1990. Reid created new ceilings and chimney pieces as part of the project.

This complete skirting from the Palm Room of Spencer House, London has water-leaf, flower, and ribbon and leaf designs.

These two wooden panels with the letters S and A, for St. Anselm, in an escutcheon were damaged in a fire that took place on Christmas Day 1992 in the Church of St. Anselm and St. Cecilia in London. The carved wood panels were part of the original design of the church, which was completed by Frederick Arthur Walters (1849-1931) in 1908. Walter's designed the church in an adapted continental Renaissance style, which must have responded to the fact that the congregation had strong ties to the Kingdom of Sardinia.

This panel is one of the ten relief panels created by Lorenzo Ghiberti (1378-1455) for the doors of the Florence Baptistry. This panel depicts the Old Testament scene of the sacrifice of Isaac, with the figures of Isaac and Abraham repeating throughout the scene.

This plaster cast was made from a tomb carved in polychrome marble located in Cathedral of Saint Pierre et Saint Paul in Nantes, France. Made by Michel Colombe (1425-1515) and Jean Perr茅al (1445-1540), the cast is of one end of the rectangular tomb, atop which rest marble figures of the deceased Francois and Marguerite in repose. This portion of the cast includes the figure of St. Louis of France in the upper arch and in the medallion below is a mourning monk. In the original marble tomb the arch in which St. Louis stands is carved in pink marble while the mourner is in black marble. This polychromy was not reproduced in the plaster cast, which has become discolored with age. Colombe鈥檚 work, and this tomb in particular, has been recognized by art historians as heralding the arrival of the Renaissance in the North. The plaster cast was made by the Palais du Trocad茅ro casting atelier in Paris, from whom it was purchased by The Metropolitan Museum of Art.

This cast replicates a rinceau panel (a decorative border with vines, leaves, and fruits) from St. Gilles du Gard. During the 7th century, Saint-Gilles du Gard was founded as a Benedictine monastery under Saint Gilles 鈥� a hermit priest. The Abbey became a major resting point for pilgrims and crusaders on route to the Holy Land. The Romanesque portal was built during the 12th century. It is a continuously admired aspect of the Medieval site. The portal illustrates scenes from the story of Christ as a dedication to Saint Gilles. The portal is a great example of the Romanesque in Provincial France. The cast was originally part of The Metropolitan Museum of Art's Medieval collection.

This piece is a detailed column cast from architectural details in the Church of the Santa Trinita in Florence, Italy made in 1552 by Benedetto da Rovezzano (1474-1552). The church itself was build during the 13th century, butt its Baroque facade was added during the 16th century. It is known for the Sassetti chapel designed by Domenico Ghirlandaio in 1486. The cast column is embellished with floral designs and both human and animal faces which flanked the altarpiece of the church. The cast was made by craftsman Oronzio Lelli for The Metropolitan Museum of Art's collection.

This plaster cast from the Basilica of Santa Croce is of the architectural elements that frame the central scene of the Cavalcanti Annunciation, made by Donatello around 1435 after a trip to Rome. The original is carved in pietra serena, a gray sandstone commonly used in the architectural details in Florence, Italy, and is highlighted with gilding. In the central panel, which is not represented in this cast, the Virgin was placed into a classical setting. This style continues in the framing elements, which the cast clearly demonstrates. The patination of this cast tries to imitate the visual qualities of pietra serena. The cast was purchased for The Metropolitan Museum of Art's collection from Italian craftsman Giuseppe Lelli.

This cast is a column capital from Tuileres Palace in Paris. On the left side is a metal impression with "L. Mathivet Mouler Paris, Union Centrale des Arts Decoratifs". Impressed in the plaster is the number 266. The cast was purchased for The Metropolitan Museum of Art's collection from the Parisian maker L. Mathivet.

The original marble is in the Acropolis Museum in Athens.

This plaster cast was made from a slab of the parapet surrounding the Temple of Athena on the Acropolis in Athens. It depicts the goddess of Victory, Nike, untying her sandal, preparing herself to walk on the sacred ground of the Temple. The original relief, carved in marble, is dated circa 410 - 405 BCE. The original sculpture was constructed from white pentelic marble. The Temble of Athena Nike is a terastyle, or four column Ionic temple. The columns are noted as particularly slender and elegant, as the columns are constructed in a 7:1 ratio, instead of the typical 9:1 or 10:1 ratios typically seen in ionic temples. It has a colonnaded portico at the front and rear facades that was designed by the architect Kallikrates. It was built on top of the remains of an earlier 6th century temple to Athena which had been destroyed by the Persians in 480 BCE. The goddess is depicted in the "wet drapery" style, a method in classical sculpture where the clothing of the figure clings to the body to emphasize its form, and is characteristic both of Classical and Hellenistic sculpture but also of depictions of Athena Nike (particularly seen in the Mus茅e Louvre's Nike of Samothrace).

The original marble is in the British Museum.

This cast is part of a larger block from the east frieze that depicts four standing male figures and four olympian gods seated on stools. The standing figures do not appear to be part of the procession, but arrive as mediators between the gods and mortals. The four gods, noted for their larger scale, are described in relaxed positions. First is Hermes beside Dionysus, the goddess Demeter, and lastly Ares 鈥� who is recognized by his momentary posture as he leans back holding his knee with both arms. Beside his foot that points to the floor there would have been a painted spear.

This plaster cast was made from a bronze sculpture of Hypnos, which was discovered near Perugia, Italy in 1868. When it was discovered, the bronze was thought to be Greek, but it is now understood to be a Roman version based on a Greek design. The Roman bronze is now in the British Museum. Hypnos is of the male god of sleep. Where the metal armature protruding from the proper right side of the cast is now, there was once a wing, one of Hypnos鈥� attributes. The color of the cast has degraded and faded, but once must have suggested a copper-rich bronze surface. Other 19th century-plaster casts of this work are owned by the Slater Museum in Norwich, Connecticut and Museum of Classical Archeology at Cambridge University (U.K.) All three of the plaster casts have the same circular base, which was provided by the caster Domenico Brucciani. The cast was purchased by The Metropolitan Museum of Art from Brucciani.

The original from which this cast was made is a bronze full-length sculpture of a nude boxer from the Hellenistic period. The original is one of the finest examples of bronze casting to survive from the ancient world. The bronze was discovered in 1885 on the south slope of the Quirinal Hill in Rome. It is now part of the Museo Nazionale Romano- Massimo alle Terme. This plaster cast has been given a faux-bronze patina. The cast was purchased by The Metropolitan Museum of Art from the Roman castmaker Michele Gherardi through Caroline Rosenkranz Vedder in 1892.